A lack of capacity in the land management and administration is a key reason that land policies are not effectively implemented in many countries and, indeed, is a reason that those policies are inappropriate or become outdated. This Guide outlines a process for assessing the capacity of the land management and administration system in a country as a whole, or just part of it (for example, just the land-valuation system, or the land management and administration system of a particular local authority). The approach is flexible and can be adjusted to the situation and the resources available. The primary output of the assessment is a set of recommendations for planning measures to develop the capacity of the system.